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Hanoi
Area:
921 sq. km
Population:
3,082,800 habitants
(2004).
Administrative divisions:
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Districts:
Hoan Kiem, Ba Dinh, Dong Da, Hai
Ba Trung, Tay Ho, Thanh Xuan, Cau Giay, Long Bien, Hoang
Mai.
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Rural districts:
Dong Anh, Soc Son, Thanh
Tri, Tu Liem, Gia Lam.
Ethnic
groups:
Viet (Kinh), Hoa...
Hanoi is the capital of the Socialist Republic of
Vietnam, the center of culture, politics, economy and
trade of the whole country. |
Geography
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| Hoan Kiem Lake |
 Ha: river, Noi:
interior). Hanoi’s territory is washed by the Red River
(the portion of the Red River embracing Hanoi is
approximately 40km long) and its tributaries, but there
are some other rivers flowing through the capital,
including Duong, Cau, Ca Lo, Day, Nhue, Tich, To Lich
and Kim Nguu.
Climate: Hanoi is situated in a tropical monsoon
zone with two main seasons. During the dry season, which
lasts from October to April, it is cold and there is
very little rainfall, except from January to March, when
the weather is still cold but there is some light rain.
The wet season, from May to September, is hot with heavy
rains and storms. The average annual temperature is
23.2ºC (73.7ºF) and the average annual rainfall is
1,800mm. The average temperature in winter is 17.2ºC
(62.9ºF), but can go down to 8ºC (46.4ºF). The average
temperature in summer is 29.2ºC (84.6ºF, but can reach
up to 39ºC (102.2ºF).
History
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| Co Loa |
Hanoi is a sacred land of Vietnam. In the 3rd
century BC, Co Loa (actually belonging to Dong Anh
District) was chosen as the capital of the Au Lac Nation
of Thuc An Duong Vuong (the King Thuc). Hanoi later
became the core of the resistance movements against the
Northern invasions. Located in the middle of the Red
River Delta, the town has gradually expanded to become a
very populations and rich residential center. At
different periods, Hanoi had been selected as the chief
city of Vietnam under the Northern domination.In the
autumn of Canh Tuat lunar years (1010), Ly Thai To, the
founder of the Ly Dynasty, decided to transfer the
capital from Hoa Lu to Dai La, and so he rebaptized it
Thang Long (Soaring Dragon). The year 1010 then became
an historical date for Hanoi and for the whole country
in general.For about a thousand years, the capital was
called Thang Long, then changing to Dong Do, Dong Kinh,
and finally to Hanoi, in 1831. This sacred piece of land
thereafter continued to be the theatre of many fateful
events.
Tourism
Throughout the thousand years of its eventful history,
marked by destruction, wars and natural calamities,
Hanoi still preserves many ancient architectural works
including the Old Quarter and over 600 pagodas and
temples. Famous sites include the One Pillar Pagoda
(built in 1049), the Temple of Literature (built in
1070), Hanoi Citadel, Hanoi Opera House, President Ho
Chi Minh’s Mausoleum...
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| West Lake |
Hanoi also characteristically contains 18 beautiful
lakes such as Hoan Kiem Lake, West Lake, and Truc Bach
Lake..., which are the lungs of the city, with their
surrounding gardens and trees providing a vital source
of energy.
Many traditional handicrafts are also practiced in Hanoi
including bronze molding, silver carving, lacquer, and
embroidery. Hanoi has many famous traditional
professional handicraft villages such as Bat Trang
pottery village, Ngu Xa bronze casting village, Yen Thai
glossy silk...
Transportation
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| Road Traffic |
By road: Hanoi is 93km from Ninh Binh, 102km
from Haiphong, 153km from Thanh Hoa, 151km from Halong,
474km from Dien Bien Phu, 658km from Hue, 763km from
Danang, and 1,710km from Ho Chi Minh City.
By air: Noi Bai International Airport, over 35km
from the city center, is one of the biggest airports of
the country with various international and domestic
routes. There are domestic flights from Hanoi to Danang,
Dien Bien, Ho Chi Minh City, Hue, Nha Trang and
international flights to many countries in over the
world.
By train: Hanoi Railway Station is Vietnam's main
railway station. It is the starting point of five
railway lines leading to almost every province in
Vietnam.
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